The observance of the death anniversary of Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal still fascinates people

The 360th Urs or death anniversary of Shah Jahan was observed at the Taj Mahal last week, but there were ripples of it in Delhi too with a busload of people reaching there to pay homage to the Emperor. Mohammad Saquib of Suiwalan was one of them. He has been attending the Urs for years as one of his ancestors was among the artisans who worked on the inlay work at the mausoleum, or so he claims. Another interested visitor was Shahnawaz Khan of Basti Nizamuddin who went for the first time to offer fateha in observance of a vow. Earlier Khan Abdul Haye Khan was a regular Delhiwallah who never missed the Urs. Abdul Haye was a Pathan who was very fond of fishing. One remembers that in 1966 during the monsoon he sat down on the rear side of Etmad-ud-Daulah to fish in the Yamuna, which was in flood and whose waters were beating against the mausoleum where rests the father of Nur Jahan and grandfather of Mumtaz Mahal. A rohu caught by Abdul Haye was so big that it sufficed for dinner for the whole family when cooked in Matia Mahal.

Shah Jahan like the unlucky Mohammad bin Tughlak was fond of Yamuna fish and so also presumably Mumtaz Mahal, but he did not drink wine till the age of 23 when he was persuaded by his father, Jahangir to do so. He however, never drank after the death of Mumtaz at Burhanpur on 16th June 1631. Accordingto Dr Ishwari Prasad, Shah Jahan died in January 1666 aged 74. Why his Urs was celebrated in mid-May is not understandable unless the date is fixed according to its proximity to Mumtaz Mahal’s death or some lunar calculation or as per the convenience of the khadims (caretakers). One remembers attending an Urs in 1958 when among those who prayed for the Emperor’s soul was Nawabzada Farouqur Rehman Khan of Datoli. Earlier the Nawab of Chhatarhi, Chief Scout of India and Freemason Grandmaster, had offered his obeisance. The first Urs of Shah Jahan, a year after his death, was presided over by Prince Muezzim, eldest son of Aurangzeb, who came from Delhi partly on horseback and partly in a horse-driven carriage, past Akbar’s Tomb at Sikandra, where he dismounted to offer fateha at the grave of his great-great grandfather. Aurangzeb came a month later. The same thing happened at the first Urs of Mumtaz Mahal at the Taj after Shah Jahan’s death.

A special feature of the Urs of Shah Jahan, which was later merged with the Urs of Mumtaz Mahal, is the laying of a gigantic multi-coloured Hindustani Chadar at the grave. This was offered on Friday May 17, with the Urs continuing on the subsequent Saturday and Sunday. Entry to the Taj was free from the afternoon of Friday (which is usually a closed day for visitors). The shehnai was played, along with the naqarra drum, at the top of the main entrance to the monument and on the following days the big kettle drums were beaten to mark the occasion, as in Mughal times when Shah Jahan is believed to have once remarked to Mumtaz: “Naqqare tumhari amadh ka ailan karenge aur tum Manno Malika kehlaugi” (The drums will announce your arrival and you dear will be called Emperess). Not much information is available of the first Urs of Shah Jahan but the one for Mumtaz Mahal is recorded, as follows, by father in his 1977 memoirs: “The celebrations traditionally begin with the washing of the tombs of the Emperor and his wife with rose water and the lighting of ‘agarbattis’. Prayers are offered with and flowers and cloth ‘chadars’ — one of them on behalf of the Department of Archaeology — are placed on the graves.

Occasionally a visitor whose prayers have been heard sends a ‘chadar’ as a token of thanksgiving. Atop the gate facing the mausoleum sit shehnai players and as evening advances, qawwalis in praise of the dead couple attract a big audience from neighbouring Tajganj, where reside the descendants of the builders of the monument. In keeping with tradition, food is distributed to the poor. The entire cost of the Urs is borne by the khadims from offerings made at the tombs. The first Urs of Mumtaz Mahal was performed by Shah Jahan himself in 1631. The Emperor wore a white dress and the nobles were in mourning habit. A covering with strings of pearls worth several lakhs of rupees was spread over the tomb. Prayers were offered for the soul of the queen and fateha was performed. Asif Khan, father of Mumtaz Mahal, was assigned a prominent place at the ceremony. A lakh of rupees was sanctioned for the ceremony, Rs 50,000 of it was given in alms to the poor.”

This time the Urs followed the recent earthquake which did not have any significant effect on the monument, except Sahilion-ki-Burj. Believe it or not, Mufti Ehsan Sahib of Mehrauli thinks Shah Jahan and Mumtaz Mahal always protect those who come to offer homage to them.

source: http://www.thehindu.com / The Hindu / Home> Features> MetroPlus> Society> Down Memory Lane / by R.V. Smith / May 24th, 2015